As the global trade of perishable goods continues to grow, it has become increasingly essential to ensure safe and secure transportation. This is where reefer containers, or refrigerated shipping containers, come in. However, safeguarding cargo in a reefer container is more complicated than simply placing it inside the container and shutting the door.
In this article, we’ll discuss the different ways to secure cargo and give tips on how to secure cargo in a reefer container so it doesn’t get damaged while being shipped.
What are reefer containers?
Reefer containers are specially made-containers that keep the temperature and humidity at a controlled level. This makes them perfect for moving perishable goods like food, medicine, and flowers.
They come in various sizes and are equipped with refrigeration units that keep the cargo at the desired temperature throughout the transportation process.
What is cargo securing?
Cargo securing is the process of ensuring that the cargo being transported remains in place and does not shift or move during transport. The main goal of securing cargo is to keep damage from happening to the cargo, the container, and the vehicle that is moving it.
Benefits of cargo securing
Proper cargo securing provides numerous benefits, including:
- Prevents cargo from shifting during transport, which reduces the risk of accidents and injuries to personnel.
- Prevent damage to the cargo, the container, and the transportation vehicle, ensuring that the goods arrive at their destination in good condition.
- Regulatory compliance as many countries have strict regulations regarding cargo securing, and failing to comply with these regulations can result in fines or other penalties.
- Protects handlers from physical harm and loss of life.
How to secure cargo in a shipping container?
Several methods can be used to secure cargo in a reefer container. Here is a brief overview of the most common methods:
Blocking and Bracing
This method involves using wooden or metal blocks and braces to secure the cargo in place. In practice, blocks are placed against the cargo to prevent it from moving, and the braces are used to hold the blocks in place. This method is commonly used for heavy and irregularly shaped cargo.
Pros:
- Provides a strong, sturdy support for the cargo.
- Effective for heavy and irregularly shaped cargo.
- Relatively inexpensive.
Cons:
- Time-consuming and labour-intensive.
- It may require additional tools or equipment.
- It can be difficult to remove after transport.
Strapping
Strapping involves using strong, flexible straps to secure the cargo to the container floor or walls. This method is ideal for securing cargo that is uniform in shape and size.
Pros:
- Easy and quick to apply.
- Effective for uniform cargo.
- Does not take up much space.
Cons:
- It may not be suitable for heavy or irregularly shaped cargo.
- It may require additional equipment, such as a tensioning device.
- It can damage the cargo if applied too tightly.
Lashing
Lashing involves using ropes, chains, or cables to secure the cargo to the container. This method is ideal for securing heavy cargo that requires extra support.
Pros:
- Provides robust, strong and sturdy support for heavy cargo.
- It can be used for irregularly shaped cargo.
- Effective for long-distance transport.
Cons:
- Time-consuming and labour-intensive.
- It may require additional equipment or tools.
- It can be difficult to remove after transport.
Basic rules for loading and securing cargo prior to the voyage
Proper planning and preparation are crucial to ensuring the safe and secure transportation of cargo. Here are some key steps to take before loading cargo into a reefer container:
Preparing for Loading
- Inspect the container – Before loading, inspect the container for any damage or defects that could compromise the safety of the cargo during transport. Check the refrigeration unit to ensure that it is functioning properly and set to the correct temperature.
- Select the right securing method – Choose the appropriate securing method for the type of cargo being transported, taking into account the size, shape, and weight of the cargo.
- Prepare the cargo for transport – Package the cargo properly and ensure that it is appropriately labelled and marked. Use packaging materials that are suitable for the type of freight being transported, and that will protect it during transport.
It’s essential to plan carefully and consider everything that could affect the safety and security of the cargo while it’s being moved. By doing this, you can avoid problems and ensure the cargo gets where it needs to go in the best condition possible.
Loading the cargo
When loading cargo into a reefer container, it is essential to use the appropriate securing method and to ensure that the cargo is positioned correctly within the container. Here are some ways to make the best use of space and keep cargo from getting damaged during loading:
- Use blocking and bracing for heavy or irregularly shaped cargo – This method provides the necessary support for heavy or irregularly shaped cargo and prevents it from shifting during transport.
- Use strapping for uniform cargo – Strapping is an effective method for securing uniform cargo that is not too heavy.
- Use lashing for heavy cargo – Lashing provides extra support for heavy cargo and is suitable for long-distance transport.
Overall, it’s essential to ensure that the cargo is correctly positioned within the container and that it is secured according to the selected method. Improper positioning or securing can result in damage to the cargo during transport, which can lead to significant financial losses.
Post-loading checks
After the cargo has been loaded and secured, it’s essential to do post-loading checks to make sure it’s ready to go. Here are some common post-loading checks:
- Check securing points – Verify that all securing points are in place and properly secured.
- Inspect cargo – Inspect the cargo for any damage or defects that could have occurred during loading.
- Temperature Settings: Ensure the temperature and humidity settings are correct and the refrigeration unit is functioning correctly.
Performing these checks before departure can help prevent potential problems and ensure that the cargo arrives at its destination in the best possible condition.
Conclusion
Securing cargo in a reefer container is essential to ensure the safe and secure transportation of perishable goods. The optimal safety and security of the cargo during transport mainly depend on how well it is planned, prepared, and loaded.
By following these guidelines and best practices, shippers can minimise the risk of damage to their cargo and ensure that it arrives at its destination in the best possible condition.
Business Director
A graduate (Business) from KDU, Jason Tan, is the current Business Director (Sales) for MGS Icestorm and has been associated with the company for the past 10 years.
With over 13 years in the shipping industry, he has had a significant contribution to Malaysia’s oil and gas industry in the engine and boat supply sector.
His expertise includes managing offshore catering business, offshore reefer containers, AI technology, offshore gas tanks, A60 pressurized cabins, etc. His contributions have helped establish MGS, in partnership (joint venture) with Thermo King and Honeywell to produce state of art Offshore Reefer Container products.